References

A species of phytoplankton changed how it used carbon and energy when it was exposed to higher CO2 levels. The effects differed depending on whether the CO2 level change happened over 15-16 [...]

When the Gulf toadfish was exposed to levels of ocean acidification that are projected to occur by 2300, it lost greater amounts of bicarbonate ions through its intestine. (Laboratory study)

Sea stars collected in Nova Scotia, Canada, grew more slowly under ocean acidification conditions, and their growth rate decreased further with a warmer temperature. In contrast, blue mussel grew [...]

When exposed to ocean acidification conditions (pH 7.7) for 80 days, coralline algae survived by increasing their calcification rates. However, those algae for which the pH had been dropped [...]

Experiments with quahogs exposed to trace metal pollutants under ocean acidification conditions revealed complex interactions and indicated that variations in environmental CO2 may modulate the [...]

Ocean acidification increased the negative effects of cadmium pollution on the immune systems of quahogs and eastern oysters, potentially making them more vulnerable to pathogens and disease. [...]

Weekly growth rate of a cold-water seaweed (Porphyra linearis) averaged 53% in regular air and 28% in CO2-enriched air. (Laboratory study)

Experiments with blue mussels from the Baltic Sea revealed a molecular basis of observed changes in physiology in response to ocean acidification. (Laboratory study)

In green sea urchins from the Baltic Sea, the spines appear to be vulnerable to ocean acidification, which might reduce the urchins’ protection against predators. Intestinal epithelia may [...]

A brown seaweed (Fucus vesiculosus) grew more slowly in ocean acidification conditions. Consumption of the seaweed by an isopod (Idotea emarginata) was not affected by ocean acidification or [...]