CO2 / pCO2

King scallops in Norway clapped their shells (an escape response) with less force after being exposed to ocean acidification conditions for at least 30 days. The number of claps was unchanged, [...]

Spider crab larvae that developed under ocean acidification conditions had higher metabolic rates. However, the larvae seem to be able to compensate for higher metabolic costs as their [...]

Ocean acidification levels predicted for 2100 (seawater pH 7.8) did not significantly affect growth, arm regeneration, biochemical composition, or righting behavior of a sea star. (Laboratory study)

Ocean acidification conditions suppressed the metabolism of an Antarctic pteropod by approximately 20 percent in some instances. However, the effect on metabolism depended on abundance [...]

Muscle length and claw strength of green crabs decreased after the crabs had been in ocean acidification conditions (pH 7.7) for 5 months. Periwinkles tended to have weaker shells in response to [...]

Spider crab larvae developed more slowly, grew less, and lower physiological fitness under increasing levels of ocean acidification conditions. (Laboratory study)

Under extreme ocean acidification conditions (pH 6.8), the egg production rates of copepods decreased significantly. For two species of sea urchins, fertilization rate of eggs decreased with [...]

Exposure of early life stages of a common estuarine fish (inland silverside) to ocean acidification conditions expected in the world’s oceans later this century reduced survival by 74 percent and [...]

The amount of available phosphorus appeared to regulate how much inorganic carbon was used by a red alga grown at different levels of ocean acidification conditions. Growth reflected a balance [...]

More than 98% of the carbon of the atmosphere-ocean system is stored in the oceans as dissolved inorganic carbon. This textbook describes equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties and stable [...]