pH

Ocean acidification (pH 7.7) impaired growth and development of an intertidal barnacle (Semibalanus balanoides), but warmer temperature (+4 °C) did not. The mineral composition of the [...]

Green sea urchins were able to adjust their internal pH level within 5 days after being placed in ocean acidification conditions, but sea stars (Leptasterias polaris) were not. Internal pH did [...]

Brittlestar larvae died within 8 days after being transferred into acidified seawater (pH 7.9). The larvae had reduced growth and abnormal development and body structure. The [...]

Hermit crabs living in highly acidified seawater (pH 6.8) were less likely to leave a suboptimal shell in favor of an optimal shell. Those that did change shells took longer to do so. Crabs [...]

For three ecologically important estuarine fish species—inland silverside, Atlantic silverside, and sheepshead minnow—the early life stages were more sensitive to low oxygen than they were to [...]

For juvenile hard-shell clams, ocean acidification alone or in combination with low salinity reduced the hardness and fracture toughness of their shells. This may reduce protection [...]

Climate change, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide, excess nutrient inputs, and pollution in its many forms are fundamentally altering the chemistry of the ocean, often on a global scale and, in [...]

A species of burrowing shrimp was able to tolerate ocean acidification conditions (pH 7.64) for 35 days. At a lower pH of 7.35, individuals experienced extracellular acidosis, [...]

This paper reports nearly 20 years of measurements of seawater pH and associated parameters at Station ALOHA in the central North Pacific Ocean near Hawaii. The data show a long-term [...]

Blue mussels in acidified seawater for 32 days had suppressed immune responses. (Laboratory study)