References

Body fluids of the northern sea urchin became acidified when the urchins lived in ocean acidification conditions for 5 weeks. (Laboratory study)

Shell growth or crystal microstructure of the ocean quahog did not change under different levels of ocean acidification conditions. (Laboratory study)

Sea urchin larvae normally have alkaline conditions (pH 9.5) in their stomachs. When larvae were exposed to ocean acidification conditions, the pH of their stomachs decreased. This change could [...]

Sea urchins living in ocean acidification conditions for 45 days grew less. They were able to actively maintain the pH outside the cells in their bodies. (Laboratory study)

Two species of brown kelp responded differently to being grown for 55 days under ocean acidification conditions. One grew more, and the other grew less. There were negative indirect effects on [...]

Ocean acidification conditions and warmer temperatures reduced the survival, development, growth, and lipid synthesis of hard clam and bay scallop larvae. During the juvenile life stages, ocean [...]

The Gulf of Maine’s unusual geography and oceanography make it distinct from other continental shelf ecosystems. It has deep basins, shallow offshore banks that limit water flow between the [...]

Sea urchin larvae from the Mediterranean Sea survived at higher rates under ocean acidification conditions, but they grew smaller. Warmer temperatures increased survival and growth rates of the [...]

Diversification of the marine biosphere is intimately linked to the evolution of the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nutrients, and primary productivity. Analysis of the ratio of [...]

Bryozoan colonies that came from larger larvae survived better, grew faster, and reproduced sooner or produced more embryos than colonies that came from smaller larvae. These effects crossed [...]