Blue mussels grew and calcified 7 times faster in the Kiel Fjord (Baltic Sea), where low pH (ocean acidification) conditions prevailed, than at an outer fjord site where pH levels were higher In addition, the mussels were able to outcompete barnacles at the inner fjord, low pH site. Thus, blue ...

Shell growth of blue mussels from the Baltic Sea decreased under ocean acidification conditions. Data suggest that the reduced shell growth under severe acidification did not result from metabolic depression but from increased cellular energy demand and nitrogen loss. (Laboratory study)

Exposure of Atlantic herring larvae to ocean acidification conditions resulted in stunted growth and development, poorer condition, and severe tissue damage in many organs. The degree of damage increased at higher levels of ocean acidification. (Laboratory study)

A coralline alga had reduced calcification in ocean acidification conditions. (Laboratory study)

When a coralline alga was exposed to both ocean acidification and solar UV radiation, its growth, photosynthesis, and calcification rates were greatly reduced, compared to when it was exposed only to solar UV radiation. The calcified layer of the alga appeared to provide protection from UV. The results imply that ...

Calcification rates of the blue mussel and the Pacific oyster decline with increasing ocean acidification. Mussel and oyster calcification may decrease by 25 percent and 10 percent, respectively, by the end of the century. (Laboratory study)

The effects of ocean acidification on the growth and shell production by juvenile and adult shelled molluscs are variable among species and even within the same species, precluding the drawing of a general picture. This is, however, not the case for pteropods, with all species tested so far, being negatively ...

In larval scallops,ocean acidification (pH 7.4–7.6) reduced survivorship by more than 50 percent. Low-oxygen water inhibited growth and metamorphosis. When exposed to both low oxygen and ocean acidification at the same time, scallops fared worse than under either one by itself. In early life stage clams, low oxygen led to 30 ...

Higher levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced growth of a green seaweed (Ulva rigida). (Laboratory study)

Ocean acidification caused Eastern oysters and hard shell clams to accumulate more metal pollutants, which affected their physiology. (Laboratory study)